In the beginning, Mr. Kesson Lee (Secretary-General, HKCTC) gave a welcome remark. He told us ISO established since 1947 and issued 20k standards in the world. He also added ISO 9001 Quality Management System standard, which first published in 1987, is one of the most widely used ISO standards around the world and in Hong Kong. There were about 1.1 million certificates issued and 14 certification bodies accredited by HKAS in Hong Kong. Recently, ISO/TC 176 Plenary Meeting was held in Hong Kong and 88 meetings/seminars were performed for TC 176 members.
Then all guest speakers took a group photo.
(Left: Dr. Chris K.Y. Lo (PolyU), Mr. Patrick Yen (HKPC), Mr. Kesson Lee (HKCTC), Mr. Mr. Howie Ng (HKV) and Dr. Tommy Lo (HKICA))
The first speaker was Mr. Patrick Yen (Senior Consultant, HKPC) and his topic entitled “Quality Management helps enterprises to enhance productivity and efficiency”. His presentation content included “What is Good Quality?” “Result of Poor Quality”, “How to Manage Quality?” and “Quality Improvement Cases”.
Mr. Yen discussed that the compliance with specification requirements and the lowest total quality cost were not necessary to be good quality. High Performance / Price Ratio may be a good quality. Then Mr. Yen introduced the result of Poor Quality because of considering preventive cost, Appraisal cost and Failure cost. Moreover, poor quality would result decreasing “Team Relationship”, “Production/Service Effectiveness” and “Reputation/Trust”.
Then Mr. Yen mentioned 5 steps to manage quality through “Total Inspection” to “Process Control” to “Quality Control” to “Quality Assurance” and final achieving “Quality Culture”. Culture included Quality System, Technology/Tools and Staff Development. Some quality improvement cases such as electronic and textile industry were discussed. Finally, he concluded in three points that “System cannot substitute people’s devotion”, “Using the best method also needs paying effort” and “Leadership is important”.
Mr. Howie Ng (Technical Director, Hong Kong Veritas Limited, Member of HKCTC & Member of ISO/TC 176/SC 2/WG 24) was the second speaker and his presentation named “ISO 9001 – the Past and Present”. Firstly, Mr. Howie Ng briefed the history of ISO 9001 in early versions 1987, 1994, 2000 and 2008. He commented that ISO 9001 is QA before 2000 version and it is QM after 2000 version. In ISO official survey 2014, the number of certificates in China (342,800), Hong Kong (2295), Macau (115) and Taiwan (10,328) were discussed.
Then Mr. Howie Ng reviewed the 28 years journey of ISO that he summarized the five key elements changed in the new ISO 9001:2015 standards. There were QM, Top Management Commitment, Risk-based Thinking, Improvement and Documentation. (I summarized Howie’s slide into the following diagram which showed what different among different versions of ISO 9001.)
During discussion for improvement, he explained Continual Improvement was “small step improvement” (Kaizen) which adopted from ISO 14001:1996. Continual means ‘one after the other’ or ‘recur’ and Continuous means ‘non-stop’ or ‘never ending’. No documented procedure mentioned in 2015 version, which did not mean without any document and record. Mr. Howie Ng explained they used the term “maintain” indicating “document” and “retain” indicating “record” in the standards.
Finally, Mr. Howie Ng summarized all changes of new standards including Annex SL, Top management embeds QMS, Risk-based thinking, revised terminologies, less mandatory documentation and concept of improvement.
During tea break, I took a photo with Mr. Howie Ng and Mr. Larry Lee (Customer Services & Compliance Quality Manager, GP Batteries International Limited)
I also took a photo with Dr. Tommy Lo (HKICA).
Dr. Lo Yiu, Tommy (President, Hong Kong Institution of Certified Auditors (HKICA)) was the third speaker and his topic was “Audit and Certification”. He reviewed the background of Testing and Certification Service which identified as one of the six pillar industries for propelling Hong Kong towards knowledge based economy in the 2009 Chief Executive’s Policy Address.
Dr. Lo mentioned the building / construction material was a pioneer of product certification in TIC in Hong Kong because of Housing Authority supported. There were several product certification schemes such as QSPSC, PCCS-PFPP, PCCS-CP, etc. Then he also stated that auditor was the second professional and who would audit different industries based on their technical domain.
After that Dr. Lo briefed the status of certification and audit in Hong Kong that was a voluntary scheme except HKSAR as major customer demanding supplier to be ISO certified in construction industry. There were no requirement on Auditor and only relied on Certification Bodies. Customer’s expectation was low so that they needed to promote and demand Professionalism.
Dr. Lo said auditor needed license to perform in China under CCAA accredited based on ISO 17024. HKICA would apply to be the first body in Hong Kong. There were about 60k certified auditors in China under CCAA and only 300 auditor registered in HKICA/IRCA in Hong Kong.
HKICA was planning to discuss mutual recognized with CCAA in China after CNAS accreditation in near future. The table showed the matching auditor levels between CCAA and HKICA. Dr. Lo explained there was different meaning of Lead Auditor. In China, Lead Auditor is an honor to grant to the experienced and outstanding auditor who has significant contribution in his field.
Finally, Dr. Lo concluded that Audit and Certification were co-existence and professional services. Competency, professionalism, continual professional development and training were essential for Auditor registration system. He hoped that the status of Quality Auditor would be same as Registered Safety Auditor after initiated by government.
The last speaker was Dr. Chris K.Y. Lo (Assistant Professor, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, PolyU) and his presentation title named “The Impact of Contextual Factors on the Efficacy of ISO 9000 Adoption”. Firstly, Dr. Chris Lo mentioned some scholars’ studies concluded positive and negative finding of enterprises employed ISO 9001. Then he introduced two research questions he asked “The effectiveness of ISO 9000 is highly controversial” (McGuire and Dilts, 2008) and “Under what contextual factors is the efficacy of ISO 9000 adoption stronger?”
In Dr. Chris Lo study, he used hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) with 7 hypotheses as follows.
- H1: Firms with Low Technology Intensity obtain more benefit from ISO 9000 adoption than firms with high technology intensity. (-ve)
- H2: Firms with Low Labor Productivity obtain more benefit from ISO 9000 adoption than firms with high labor productivity. (-ve)
- H3: Firms with High Labor Intensity obtain more benefit from ISO 9000 adoption than firms with low labor intensity. (+ve)
- H4: Firms in Less Efficient Industries obtain more benefit from ISO 9000 adoption than firms in more efficient Industries. (-ve)
- H5: Firms in Highly Competitive Industries obtain more benefit from ISO 9000 adoption than firms in less competitive Industries. (+ve, because use of inverted skill)
- H6: Firms in Industries with High Sales Growth obtain more benefit from ISO 9000 adoption than firms in industries with low sales growth. (+ve)
- H7: Firms in Industries with Low ISO 9000 Adoption Levels obtain more benefit from ISO 9000 adoption than firms in industries with high ISO 9000 adoption levels. (-ve)
Dr. Chris Lo got implications after the research that a one-size-fits-all approach to ISO 9000 certification may not ultimately lead to optimal outcomes.
Q&A session
I asked question to Howie about engage of people and QMS into business as well as to Dr. Tommy Lo that would HA lead registered quality auditor as requirement like safety auditor.
Mr. Larry Lee asked that new standards did not mention “Documented Procedure” that would be “No Word Book (無字天書)”. He foresaw very difficult to audit.
Mr. TF Chan (Member, CQI) also asked a question about preparing documentation.
Reference:
HKCTC - http://www.hkctc.gov.hk/en/home.html
HKCTC Seminar presentation file - http://www.hkctc.gov.hk/en/work_seminars.html#b50
HKAS - http://www.itc.gov.hk/en/quality/hkas/about.htm
HKSQ - http://www.hksq.org/
Remark:
I would like to explain the relationship among Quality Management (QM), Quality Assurance (QA) and Quality Control (QC).
QM is a set. QA and QC are sub-set of QM. That means QA & QC are both aspects of QM.
- QC is used to verify the quality of the output (Detection)
- QA is the process of managing for quality (Prevention)
In ISO 9000:2015:
Clause 3.3.4
Quality Management - management with regard to quality
Note 1 to entry: Quality management can include establishing quality policies and quality objectives, and processes to achieve these quality objectives through quality planning, quality assurance, quality control, and quality improvement.
Clause 3.3.6
Quality Assurance - part of quality management focused on providing confidence that quality requirements will be fulfilled
Clause 3.3.7
Quality Control - part of quality management focused on fulfilling quality requirements
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